Mostrando "Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis"
cpdii socemunt
ABSTRACT
Background and aims: Childhood and adolescent obesity is a global public health concern. Obesity induces several metabolic disturbances. Several studies have explored the association of vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine (Hcy) with obesity. This study aimed to synthesize the available evidence regarding the differences in serum levels of vitamin B12, Hcy, and folate among children or adolescents with and without obesity.
Methods: A random-effects meta-analysis using the Sidik-Jonkman method and corrected 95% confidence interval (CI) using the truncated Knapp-Hartung standard errors was used for all meta-analyses. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with the corresponding 95% CI was used as the only effect size. The Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic were used to evaluate between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and the Egger test.
Results: Twenty studies were included with a combined study population of 7,791 patients. There were no significant differences between children/adolescents with and without obesity with respect to serum vitamin B12 levels (SMD: −0.24; 95% CI: −0.53 to 0.06; p > 0.05, I2 = 74.93%) and folate levels (SMD: −0.12; 95% CI: −0.29 to 0.06; p > 0.05, I2 = 19.6%). However, children/adolescents with obesity had significantly higher Hcy levels compared to counterparts without obesity (SMD: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.39 to 1.14; p < 0.001, I2 = 86.4%).
Conclusion: Children and adolescents with obesity had higher Hcy levels than those without obesity. However, no significant differences were found for vitamin B12 and folate levels. Hcy may play a role in the development of obesity in this population.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Frontiers in Public Health
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Juan R. Ulloque-Badaracco
CPPC SOCEMUNT
ABSTRACT
Artificial intelligence is rapidly changing our world at an exponential rate and its transformative power has extensively reached important sectors like healthcare. In the fight against cancer, AI proved to be a novel and powerful tool, offering new hope for prevention and early detection. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the medical applications of AI, including early cancer detection through pathological and imaging analysis, risk stratification, patient triage, and the development of personalized prevention approaches. However, despite the successful impact AI has contributed to, we will also discuss the myriad of challenges that we have faced so far toward optimal AI implementation. There are problems when it comes to the best way in which we can use AI systemically. Having the correct data that can be understood easily must remain one of the most significant concerns in all its uses including sharing information. Another challenge that exists is how to interpret AI models because they are too complicated for people to follow through examples used in their developments which may affect trust, especially among medical professionals. Other considerations like data privacy, algorithm bias, and equitable access to AI tools have also arisen. Finally, we will evaluate possible future directions for this promising field that highlight AI’s capacity to transform preventative cancer care.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Cancer Causes & Control
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Luis M. Acuña-Chavez
Coral Florian
ABSTRACT
Metabolic syndrome has a multifactorial origin; however, epidemiological
data correspond to populations located at sea level. It has been reported
that the altitude can affected the prevalence due to physiological
changes. The aim of this study is to show the global prevalence of
metabolic syndrome at altitude and its components. We use four databases,
all studies published up to November 2023. The prevalences from studies
were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. To assess sources of
heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were performed. We included 28 studies.
The number of participants was 29 195. The prevalence of metabolic
syndrome was 30.3% (95% CI 22.8–38.4%). According to the altitude level,
at 1500–2500 was 36.5%, 2500–3500 (21.8%), and > 3500 (30.9%), also it
was higher in women (35.5%) that men (26.8%). It was observed that there
is an inverse relationship between higher altitude and the prevalence of
metabolic syndrome. Among its components, abdominal obesity and low HDL
were present in more than 40.0%, while high blood pressure, high
triglycerides and impaired glucose were present in less than 30.0%. We
recommend that our results be considered for future research in
populations living at altitude since they have different characteristics
from populations at sea level.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Scientific Reports
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Enrique A Hernandez-Bustamante
Barbara Cabrejo
ABSTRACT
Background & aims: Asprosin is a promising candidate for novel
treatments for metabolic-endocrine disorders. The objective of this
systematic review and meta-analysis was to consolidate the existing
evidence regarding asprosin levels in patients diagnosed with type 2
diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and obesity. Methods: Scopus,
Embase, PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Web of Science were systematically
searched without restrictions. We only used the standardized mean
differences (SMD) with their 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) as the
effect measure. A random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird method) was
used for the meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed with the
Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Cross-Sectional
Studies. Results: Twenty-six studies (n = 3,787) were included in the
meta-analysis. Participants with T2D had higher asprosin values than those
without T2D (SMD: 1.64; 95 % CI: 1.08-2.21; I2 = 97 %). Patients with MetS
had higher asprosin levels compared to those without MetS (SMD: 0.99; 95 %
CI: 0.34-1.64; I2 = 96 %). Patients with obesity had higher asprosin
levels than participants without obesity (SMD: 1.49; 95 % CI: 0.23-2.76;
I2 = 98 %). Conclusions: Asprosin is significantly higher in patients with
either T2D, MetS, or obesity, compared with controls. Keywords: Asprosin;
Diabetes mellitus; Metabolic diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &
Reviews
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
Barbara Cabrejo
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Dengue is a vector-borne disease, especially important in
tropical and subtropical areas. The f irst presentation of many arboviral
diseases occurred mainly in animals, including multiple Alphaviruses and
Flaviviruses, such as dengue. Objective: To determine the serological and
molecular frequency of the dengue virus in animals. Methods: A systematic
literature review was carried out in five databases for the proportion of
animals infected with dengue, defined by molecular and serological tests.
A meta-analysis was performed using a randomeffects model to calculate the
pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Cochran?s Q test and
the I2 statistic were used to assess the heterogeneity between the two
studies. Results: The presence of dengue in bats, primates, birds, sheep,
horses, cattle, pigs, rodents and buffaloes, according to serological
methods, had a prevalence of 10%, 29%, 8%, 1%, 11%, 0%, 49%, 2%, 7%,
respectively. According to molecular methods, the presence of dengue in
bats had a seroprevalence of 6.0%. Conclusion: The present study confirms
the presence of the Dengue virus in a large group of animal species, with
potential implications as possible reservoirs of this virus, raising the
possibility of zoonotic transmission. Keywords: Animals, dengue, virus,
zoonosis, systematic review, and meta-analysis.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Le Infezioni in Medicina
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
SOCEMUNT
ABSTRACT
Objective: We aimed to review the available evidence on the association between vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine levels with worse outcomes among COVID-19 patients.
Methods: The search was carried out in ten databases simultaneously run on 10 May 2023, without language restrictions. We included cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies. The random-effects meta-analysis was performed using the Sidik-Jonkman method and corrected 95% confidence intervals using the truncated Knapp-Hartung standard errors. Standardized mean difference and 95% CI was used as the measure effect size.
Results: Thirteen articles were included in this review (n = 2134). Patients with COVID-19 who did not survive had the highest serum vitamin B12 values (SMD: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.31-1.78; p = 0.01, I2 = 91.22%). In contrast, low serum folate values were associated with patients with severe COVID-19 (SMD: -0.77; 95% CI: -1.35 to -0.19; p = 0.02, I2 = 59.09%). The remaining tested differences did not yield significant results.
Conclusion: Elevated serum levels of vitamin B12 were associated with higher mortality in patients with COVID-19. Severe cases of COVID-19 were associated with low serum folate levels. Future studies should incorporate a larger sample size.
Keywords: COVID-19; Vitamin B12; folate; homocysteine; mortality; severity.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
SAGE Open Medicine
BASE DE DATOS A LA CUAL PERTENECE
Scopus
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
CPPC SOCEMUNT
ABSTRACT
Mpox is a zoonotic disease that became epidemic in multiple countries in 2022. There is a lack of published systematic reviews on natural animal infection due to Mpox. We performed a systematic literature review with meta-analysis to assess animal Mpox prevalence. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for prevalence studies. After the screening, 15 reports were selected for full-text assessment and included in qualitative and quantitative analyses. Ten reports assessed Mpox infection by molecular or serological tests (n=2,680), yielding a pooled prevalence of 16.0% (95%CI: 3.0–29.0%) for non-human primates; 8.0% (95%CI: 4.0–12.0%) for rodents and 1.0% (95%CI: 0.0–3.0%) for shrews. Further studies in other animals are required to define the extent and importance of natural infection due to Mpox. These findings have implications for public human and animal health. OneHealth approach is critical for prevention and control.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Journal of Infection and Public Health
BASE DE DATOS A LA CUAL PERTENECE
Scopus, ClinicalKey, Science Citation Index Expanded, DOAJ, PubMed/Medline, Embase
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
CPPC SOCEMUNT
ABSTRACT
Snakebites still constitute a significant public health problem in developing countries and are considered a neglected tropical condition by the WHO. Snake accidents are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality and may produce secondary complications, such as severe infections. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of snakebite infections and characterize the bacteria isolated from these infections. A systematic literature review in five databases was carried out to assess the prevalence of snakebite infection. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% CIs. Cochran's Q test and the I2 statistic were used to assess between-study heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence of infection due to snakebite was 27.0% (95% CI: 22.0-32.0%), with high heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 99.7%). The prevalence was higher in Asia (32%) than in the Americas (21%). Snakebite infections required surgical interventions in 68% (95% CI: 37.0-98.0%). The leading group of pathogens identified corresponded to Gram-negative bacteria (63%), particularly Morganella morganii (32%), but also, Gram-positive cocci (40%), especially Enterococcus spp. (23%) and Staphylococcus aureus (15%). However, multiple other pathogens, including anaerobes, were found. A high prevalence of snakebite-associated infection has been described, primarily due to M. morganii, with the corresponding implications for empirical therapy. Rational use of antimicrobials is recommended, and this should guide initial empirical treatment. Moreover, isolation and identification of the possible bacteria present in snakebite wounds is recommended in all cases to confirm or rule out associated infection.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
BASE DE DATOS A LA CUAL PERTENECE
Scopus, Pubmed
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Enrique A Hernandez-Bustamante
CPPC SOCEMUNT
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic drug, and its use in the treatment of borderline personality disorder remains controversial. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole in patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder.
Methods
The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021256647) on July 2, 2021. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid-Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane (CENTRAL) were searched, without restriction by language or publication date. Furthermore, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov trial registries and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. The inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials including adult patients (> 18 years) diagnosed with borderline personality disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. The quality of the included studies was determined using the Cochrane risk-of-bias for randomized trials (RoB-2) tool.
Results
We included two randomized clinical trials published in three articles. Among these, 76 patients were diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, with 38, 12, and 26 assigned to the aripiprazole, olanzapine, and placebo groups, respectively. The majority of patients were women (88.16%), with an age range of 22.1–28.14 years. Aripiprazole was shown to reduce psychiatric symptoms (obsessive–compulsive behavior, insecurity, depression, anxiety, aggressiveness/hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid thinking, psychoticism, and somatization), anxiety, depression, anger, hostility, and clinical severity. The adverse effects included headache, insomnia, restlessness, tremor, and akathisia. In both studies, the risk of bias was high, which is somewhat concerning.
Conclusions
Aripiprazole has shown promising results in the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder. More randomized clinical trials are required.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Research Square
BASE DE DATOS A LA CUAL PERTENECE
Scopus, Pubmed
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión sistemática
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Dennis Anthony Pino-Zavaleta, Susan K Campos-Rodriguez
CPPC SOCEMUNT
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The current study aimed to quantitatively
synthesize available evidence regarding the seroprevalence of human
toxocariasis in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Methods: A systematic research involving six electronic
databases was conducted using a research strategy that combined MeSH
terms with free terms. Article selection and information extraction
were performed using a double and independent approach. The
Newcastle-Ottawa tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the
included articles. The meta-analysis used the random-effects approach,
with subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis for risk of bias also
being performed.
Results: We included 101 articles with a total of 31,123
participants. The studies were conducted between 1990 and 2022, with
Brazil accounting for the largest number of studies (n = 37). The
overall seroprevalence of human toxocariasis was 31.0% (95% CI:
27.0-35.0%, I2 = 99%). The prevalence of the main characteristics
observed in seropositive patients were as follows: ocular toxocariasis
(30.0%), asymptomatic (26.0%), and presence of dogs at home (68.0%).
In addition, the seroprevalence was lower in studies including only
adults than in those including children or both. In contrast, no
differences in seroprevalences were found between studies conducted in
the community and hospital.
Conclusion: The overall seroprevalence of human toxocariasis
in Latin America and the Caribbean was high. Notably, our findings
showed that the seroprevalence was increased among populations who
kept a dog at home but was decreased in populations comprising only
adults. Our findings can be used to establish epidemiological
surveillance strategies for the prevention and early identification of
toxocariasis.
NOMBRE DE LA REVISTA
Frontiers in Public Health
BASE DE DATOS A LA CUAL PERTENECE
PubMed Central, DOAJ, Google Scholar
TIPO DE MANUSCRITO
Revisión Sistemática y Metanálisis
IDIOMA
Inglés
AUTORES DE LA SOCIEDAD
Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
